A modern view at some dihydroxybenzoate-capped siderophores: ecological, technical and medical aspects

Abstract

Siderophores are non-toxic, environmentally unobjectionable compounds that exhibit a number of useful properties for solving some agriculture, environmental, technical problems and can determine the development of bacterial infections. Siderophores, in the chemical structure of which there is a dihydroxybenzoate fragment, effectively chelating iron, belong to dihydroxybenzoate-capped siderophores. Some dihydroxybenzoate-capped siderophores are acinetobactin, bacillibactin, enterobactin, petrobactin, salmochelins, trivanchrobactin, vanchrobactin, vibriobactin. The review article analyzes and summarizes information about microorganismsproducers such siderophores, the practical importance of these compounds for ecology, agriculture, technology, health. The considered dihydroxybenzoate-capped siderophores are represented in the group of catecholate siderophores and in the group of mixed siderophores. Their producers are both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. It was determined that among the considered siderophores only bacillibactin is used in agriculture, perspective bioremediation agents are bacillibactin and petrobactin. Biological control in the industry for corrosion protection can be an alternative to the use of corrosion inhibitors to address environmental, safety and health concerns. Attention is paid to the use of siderophores as smart-green corrosion inhibitors to prevent corrosion, in particular, microbiologically influenced. It is noted that bacillilibactin and enterobactin should be considered as green smart-corrosion inhibitors. Intervention in the mechanisms of providing pathogens with iron by disrupting the biosynthesis of microbial siderophores, the use of siderophores as antimicrobial conjugates is discussed as a promising way to solve the problem of combating bacterial infections and maintaining human health.